California is the largest agricultural producer in the United States and a key player in global food production. Its Mediterranean climate, fertile soils, and extensive irrigation support a remarkable variety of crops and livestock. The state produces more than 400 agricultural commodities and supplies nearly half of all US vegetables and about three-quarters of all fruits and nuts. In 2024, California farms and ranches generated over $61 billion in cash receipts. Agriculture also employs hundreds of thousands of seasonal and migrant workers who harvest crops year-round.
Major Food Products in California
Top Commodities by Value
The state’s most valuable agricultural products include dairy, almonds, grapes (for table use and wine), cattle and calves, lettuce, strawberries, pistachios, tomatoes, and carrots. These products account for a significant portion of California’s agricultural output and support extensive food supply chains.
Fruits and Vegetables
California dominates the US in berries, citrus fruits, table grapes, lettuce, tomatoes, and specialty fruits such as peaches. Other major vegetables include artichokes, broccoli, cauliflower, celery, spinach, asparagus, squash, and cucumbers. The state produces over 70% of the nation’s lettuce and nearly all processing tomatoes.
Nuts and Specialty Crops
California is the world leader in almonds, producing about 80% of the global supply. Pistachios, walnuts, and pecans are also significant crops with high international demand.
Animal and Dairy Products
The livestock sector is robust, with large-scale production of milk, cheese, beef cattle, poultry, and eggs. Dairy is one of the state’s largest contributors to farm revenue.
California’s Role in US and Global Food Supply
California provides nearly half of all vegetables and around three-quarters of fruits and nuts in the United States. Its Central Valley is the nation’s most productive agricultural region, while coastal and desert areas allow year-round harvesting. The state supplies a broad range of crops, including avocados, strawberries, lettuce, grapes, and tree nuts.
Food Exports from California
California is a major global exporter of food products, with agricultural exports reaching about $23.8 billion in 2024. Exports support thousands of jobs and significant economic activity.
Leading Export Commodities
Top exports include almonds, pistachios, walnuts, dairy products, wine, table grapes, citrus fruits, strawberries, and processed foods such as tomato products. Almonds are the most valuable export crop, but the state has a diverse portfolio that spans nuts, fruits, vegetables, and value-added foods.
Export Destinations
California exports agricultural products to over 150 countries, with major markets including Canada, Japan, the European Union, and Mexico.
Challenges and Trends
California agriculture faces challenges including water scarcity and drought pressures, labor shortages, trade tensions, and changing tariffs. Technological innovations such as precision agriculture, robotics, and soil sensors are increasingly adopted to improve yields, efficiency, and sustainability.
California remains a powerhouse in food production and export. Its farms grow a wide range of vegetables, fruits, nuts, dairy, and livestock products. Key exports such as almonds, nuts, wine, dairy, and high-value produce are in high demand globally. Despite environmental and policy challenges, California continues to play a central role in feeding both domestic and international consumers.